Thai-Cambodia border tensions have long historical roots, AP explains

(25 Jul 2025)
RESTRICTIONS SUMMARY: PART NO ACCESS THAILAND

ASSOCIATED PRESS
Bangkok – 25 July 2025
1. SOUNDBITE (English) Jerry Harmer, The Associated Press:
"The tension between Thailand and Cambodia has long historical roots – right back to a 1907 map drawn up when Cambodia was under French colonial rule. The Cambodians use it to delineate the land border, the Thais say it’s inaccurate. So most frontier confrontations ever since have stemmed from that fundamental problem. This current crisis began brewing in February, when a group of Cambodians went to disputed territory and sang a patriotic song. Well that ended peacefully but in May, in another area, troops from both sides opened fire at each other and one Cambodian soldier was killed. The tension ratcheted up and despite saying they were working to de-escalate, things never really relaxed. Thailand tightened restrictions on border crossings, Cambodia stopped imports of some Thai goods. Political moves to find a solution went badly, increasing the ill feeling. Then, in the last week or so, two identical incidents brought the situation to breaking point. A number of Thai soldiers were injured by landmines while on patrol in contested territory. Thailand said the mines were newly laid by Cambodian forces. Cambodia called the accusations baseless. Nationalist feeling surged. The firing started soon afterwards."

TPBS – NO ACCESS THAILAND
Surin province, Thailand – 24 July 2025
2. Wide of village UPSOUND gunfire
3. Wide of local Thai civilians running down road
4. Various of local villagers sheltering in concrete bunkers

ASSOCIATED PRESS
Oddar Meanchay province, Cambodia – 24 July 2025
++NIGHT SHOTS++
5. Various of displaced Cambodian villagers driving at night on homemade tractors
STORYLINE:
Armed clashes have broken out between Thailand and Cambodia in long-disputed border areas, rapidly escalating months-long tensions.

The fighting included gunfire exchanges and shelling and rocket fire, which Thai authorities said killed a Thai soldier and 13 civilians and wounded 14 soldiers and 32 other civilians. Thailand responded with air strikes.

It was the second armed confrontation since a Cambodian soldier was shot dead in May and a major escalation that came hours after the two countries downgraded diplomatic relations following a land mine explosion that injured Thai soldiers.

Clashes are ongoing in at least six areas along the border, the Thai Defense Ministry said.

The first clash Thursday morning happened in an area near the ancient Ta Muen Thom temple along the border of Surin and Cambodia’s Oddar Meanchey province.

A Cambodian provincial official said clashes resumed there again early on Friday morning.

The dispute flared in May after armed forces of Thailand and Cambodia briefly fired at each other in a relatively small, contested border area that each country claims as its own.

Both sides said they acted in self-defense. One Cambodian soldier was killed.

While the countries said afterwards they agreed to de-escalate the situation, Cambodian and Thai authorities continued to implement or threaten measures short of armed force, keeping tensions high.

Thailand added tight restrictions at the border with Cambodia that stopped almost all crossings except for students, medical patients and others with essential needs. On Thursday, Thai authorities announced they were sealing the border entirely.

Cambodia also banned Thai movies and TV shows, stopped the import of Thai fuel, fruits and vegetables and boycotted some of its neighbor’s international internet links and power supply.

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