Exploring the art of nightmares at world’s oldest psychiatric hospital

(17 Aug 2025)
ASSOCIATED PRESS
London, UK – 13 August 2025

1. Wide of paintings in the exhibition ‘Between Sleeping and Waking: Hospital Dreams and Visions’
2. Various of painting ‘Everything is Real Except God and Death’, 2010, by George Harding
3. Wide of display case with letter and squirrel model
4. Tilt up of squirrel model
5. Various of ‘Epitaph of My Poor Jack, Squirrel’, c. 1834, James Hadfield, who suffered head injuries at the Battle of Lincelles in 1793 which triggered a mental decline. He then tried to assassinate King George III in 1800. While a patient at Bethlem Hospital, his pet squirrel died
6. Various of dream diaries kept by psychiatrist Edward Hare between 1930s and 1990
7. SOUNDBITE (English) Colin Gale, Director, Bethlem Museum of the Mind:
"So this exhibition is called Between Sleeping and Waking and what we’ve done is taken the work of sleep researchers and they’ve developed a taxonomy of the dreams that are most commonly shared widely across society and across cultures as well. And then we’ve gone to our museum’s rich collection of reserve artworks and we’ve managed to find a picture that kind of illustrates every single one of those archetypes as it were."

8. Various of ‘Nightmare’, c. 1953 by William Kurelek, a Canadian artist who was a psychiatric patient in the early 1950s
9. Various of central figure in painting, huddled in bed while being tormented by demonic figures
10. SOUNDBITE (English) Colin Gale, Director, Bethlem Museum of the Mind:
"What he did was painted for his doctors scenes that tried to explain to them all of his preoccupations and difficulties and in particular this picture called Nightmare is a composite of all the many nightmares that dogged him at the time."

11. Various of painting detail showing strange creature
12. Various of painting detail showing artist’s nightmare of attacking his own father
13. Close of painting detail showing nightmare of bike falling off narrow path
14. SOUNDBITE (English) Colin Gale, Director, Bethlem Museum of the Mind:
"This one is to the left of that, a really disturbing depiction of him imagining what it would be like if he had his father – with whom he had a difficult relationship – at his mercy and he was bashing his brains out with a rock. Above here, you can see a bicycle here falling off a cliff and a cliff path that gets increasingly narrower. So that reflects a nightmare in which this is precisely what happened."

15. Mid of paintings
16. Various of ‘Phobia I’, 1974, Charlotte Johnson Wahl, showing insects crawling on figure of the artist
17. Various of ‘Dream Flight’, 2011, Allan Beveridge
18. SOUNDBITE (English) Caroline Horton, Professor of Sleep and Cognition and Director of DrEAMSLab at Bishop Grosseteste University:
"There’s an inextricable link between mental health and sleep and mental health and dreams. And broadly we need to sleep to stay mentally healthy and physically healthy, so sleep is absolutely crucial to allow us to regulate our emotions. When we go to sleep we process our emotions, we see lots of brain activity in emotion areas, particularly one called the amygdala which is about fear processing. And that makes sense really when we think about the kind of dreams that we remember, they tend to be quite anxiety focused, we may be chased commonly or we’re running away from something."

19. Various of ‘Psychedelic Woman’, undated, by Lynda Bamford
20. SOUNDBITE (English) Caroline Horton, Professor of Sleep and Cognition and Director of DrEAMSLab at Bishop Grosseteste University:

21. Various of ‘Night Tides’, 2025, by Kate McDonnell

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